Very soon we will be making a full explainer video with a lawyer about the very misunderstood topic of cabañas – the mountain cabins which are availabe to buy in Spain – and especially in Asturias. Because these cabañas don’t really exist in many other parts of Europe, they are often misunderstood. We offer a variety of cabañas for sale and they often seem, especially from the outside, a very economic way to get a foothold in the Asturian property market and a good way to make the move to Spain.
However, it’s not quite as simple as that mainly for the reason that a cabaña is not a house. Legally there is a pretty clear distinction between a cabaña and house and thus the ‘rights’ that come with each are different so it is essential to understand what you are buying if you are thinking of buying a cabaña.
So here I am going to post a brief piece which is a simple summary of the basic information so that you can see if a cabaña is for you. Naturally there are caveats to this piece, in that across the various concejos of Asturias there are various ‘gradings’ to the land some much more restrictive than others, and there can be slightly different attitudes at different town halls – but overall very similar restrictions apply.
What is a cabaña?
As I stated above cabañas area kind of staple of Asturian life – they exist in high pasturelands where, in the past, shepherds looking after cows sheep or goats would stay while the cattle fed. These structures would normally be very basic with water from a spring, no electricity and a living space upstairs and barn downstairs. Naturally they were usually built with the local stone and wood and in general were pretty small – just two rooms. Another part of cabaña life is that they usually had a patch or ‘parcela’ of land attached to them which would usually be demarcated reasonably well with a fence or wall.
However, with the demise of this lifestyle, these now mainly abandoned structures have passed down to people who have started to use them for a more leisurely lifestyle. They create ‘second-homes’ in the hills where they would spend weekends and holidays in nature enjoying the land which their forefathers worked. As often as not these conversion have been ‘labours of love’ with people spending years turning what was essentially a shed into what can be reasonably well appointed structure – there are many examples of this on the market. More recently some cabañas have been converted specifically to sell and we are seeing more of a market in this type of cabaña – though this is not at all to denigrate this.
Finally most cabañas will have a ‘tricky’ access, almost never from a tarmacced road, usually from a track which can either be well or badly maintained and subject to changing state across the seasons.
This is a good example of a classic, renovated, two room cabaña with a plot of land:
What can I expect from a cabaña?
Structurally, most cabañas will be almost all stone built with wooden beams throughout which would have been all chestnut or oak in the past. However, though many cabañas will have retained these main beams as often as not the floors may well have been replaced with pine. A renovated structure will generally have been fully repointed and may well have new double glazed windows. They will generally have a had a modern toilet fitted and maybe a shower. The roof will be a traditional ‘pan tile’ construction which once renovated is very watertight and works very well – sometimes there will be a waterproof membrane ‘ondeline’ fitted beneath the tiles and very occasionally it will be insulated. As most people view cabañas as a summer destination the insulation is not usually done. Windows will generally be small and it is not generally permitted to expand the window size, sometimes there will be velux type windows in the roof but it is a moot point as to whether these are strictly allowed legally.
As I have already mentioned most cabañas will be a simple ‘one-up one-down’ layout and will be small – around 30m2 per floor. There are exceptions to this rule and some have multiple rooms and extra structures but in general they are not big. So when you are considering one please make sure you check out the meterage.
An old cabaña which has not been renovated will be unlikely to have cement in the walls and will be very likely to have a stone and mud construction and no toilet. To be honest renovating a cabaña is a subject in itself (exactly what you can and cannot do) and in this article really we are mainly talking about ready to go cabañas which are already done and the general ínformation surrounding that.
Can I change the status of my cabaña from a cabaña to a house?
This is very, very unlikely and in the case that it may be possible this will usually be stated in any advert as it confers extra rights. The price will usually be higher as well.
Do I have rights to water and electicity in a cabaña?
Basically no! And this is one of the main differences between a cabaña and a house. Water will either be spring water off the mountain – ‘manantial’ or ‘fuente’ in Spanish – or very occasionally you would have to bring it in. Most cabañas have their own supply but many are shared. Electricity from the grid is almost never an option and nearly all the cabañas we have are with solar panels. It is importnat to check out how many each has and what power they supply for what you want to do. So for example many people with have a gas fridge and a gas hob and water heater instead of electric to keep the usage low.
Access to a cabaña / Situation
Access to a cabaña is very variable and this can be from just off a reasonable road to a track only manageable in a proper 4×4. It is important to consider the access and whether you would be happy driving it across all weathers and seasons – if you just want to use it occasionally will your ‘normal’ car get there ok? As mentioned before most cabañas are not in easily accessed spots so it can be a big effort to get to the nearest town and so shopping, going out to bar, taking children to school or getting to a health centre can be tiring and tricky journeys. All this should be borne in mind.
Can I live in a cabaña full time?
The big question! Essentially there is no 100% correct answer to this question save to say that people do and you can, but legally it is a little bit of a grey area.
Can I ’empadronar’ from a cabaña?
To ’empadronar’ is to register with the local council or ayuntamiento in Spanish to say that you are living in the area – this gives you certain rights. And yes normally you can empadronar from a cabaña, but again it is not 100% guaranteed.
Can I expand my cabaña?
Put pretty simply, generally no!! Once again a cabaña is not a house and so once again there are different rules. In many cases a house can be expanded up to 250m2 so a smaller house structure will usually be granted a permiso to be able to expand the footprint. This will almost certainly not happen with a cabaña. What you see is what you get.
Can I rent my cabaña?
Again no! You cannot rent out a cabaña on AirBnB or any other such site legally. You will not get a license. Without a licence you can be subject to a large fine.
Summary
Hopefully this should give a better understanding of what cabañas are, and orientate you a little on the most important fact, which is well worth repeating, a cabaña is not a house.
So if you want a house buy a house – it will generally cost you more but does come with the basic rights of electricity and water.
However, if you are set on a cabaña then we would not put you off, they are often in stunning places with a large patch of land and will offer a lifestyle that is ‘out of the ordinary’.
Click the cabaña option on the front page to see the cabañas we currently have.
Or here are a couple of those we currently have on offer are:
Unique opportunity to buy 2 idyllic cabañas, Piloña. €200,000 Ref 2359
Fully renovated, stone-built cabaña with stunning views, Piloña, Asturias. €75,000 Ref 1297
